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What is Shell?
Shell is a UNIX term for an interface between a user and an operating system service. Shell provides users with an interface and accepts human-readable commands into the system and executes those commands which can run automatically and give the program’s output in a shell script.
Types of Shell
There are two main shells in Linux:
1. The Bourne Shell: The prompt for this shell is $ and its derivatives are listed below:
POSIX shell also is known as sh
Korn Shell also knew as sh
Bourne Again SHell also knew as bash (most popular)
2. The C shell: The prompt for this shell is %, and its subcategories are:
C shell also is known as csh
Tops C shell also is known as tcsh
To write scripting in CentOS 7, you can use any text editor available in CentOS 7 such as Vi, Vim, Nano, or Emacs. These editors are installed by default in CentOS 7. Here’s a step-by-step guide to creating and writing a simple shell script:
Step 1:- Open a terminal in CentOS 7.
Step 2:- Choose a text editor. For example, to use Nano, you can type.
# [nano myscript.sh]
Replace myscript.sh with the desired name for your script.
Step 3:- This will open the Nano text editor. Now, you can write your script. For example:
#! /bin/bash
# This is a simple script
# [echo “Hello, CentOS 7!”]
In this example, #!/bin/bash is called a shebang, which tells the system to execute the script using the Bash shell. The echo command is used to print “Hello, CentOS 7!” to the terminal.
Step 4:- Once you have finished writing your script, you can save it by pressing
‘Ctrl + O’ to write out the file, then press Enter. To exit Nano, press ‘Ctrl + X’.
Step 5:- Make the script executable by running the following command:
# [chmod +x myscript.sh]
This command gives execute permission to the script.
Step 6:- Finally, to run the script, type:
# [./myscript.sh]
Replace myscript.sh with the name of your script if it’s different.
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